• Question: how do snakes create there own venom

    Asked by 377actj34 to Adam on 20 Jun 2017.
    • Photo: Adam Hargreaves

      Adam Hargreaves answered on 20 Jun 2017:


      Hi 377actj34,
      That’s a great question, and actually for a large part of that we don’t actually know!
      We still don’t know exactly how venom genes are turned on and off, and what controls that process. Some previous studies suggest it might be triggered by adrenergic neurons (i.e. nerves that are activated by adrenaline), but there’s still a lot we don’t know.
      What is known is that toxin proteins are produced within cells in the venom gland, and are then secreted into the lumen (a storage space) of the venom gland where they are stored until they are needed. What’s interesting is that they are stored as “zymogens” which means they are inactive versions, that is until part of the protein is chopped off (again, we’re not sure exactly how) as the venom is forced out of the venom gland and through the tip of the fang.

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